Roofing insurance and workers comp for roofers: what it costs in your state and what can sink you

Published November 3, 2026 · Workers comp rates, license forms and state comp rules read November 3, 2026

• Free. The checklist comes by email as a PDF, a Word file and a Google Doc.
• Deepsel is our product: free estimate, invoice and scheduling software for contractors (scheduling, quotes, invoicing, card payments). It sells no insurance and doesn't track policies; the section before the FAQ says what it does do.
• Owner quotes come from Reddit threads collected for this series (2024 to 2026) and checked against our list of marketing and seeded accounts. They're owner statements, not a survey.
• Not insurance or legal advice. The comp rates come from rating bureaus and state insurance departments, the license rules from the boards' own forms, all read November 3, 2026. Your broker, your policy and your state have the last word.

Buy five things before the first roof: general liability that doesn't exclude roofing, workers comp (or the paper your state accepts when you have no employees), commercial auto, cover for your tools, and a bond if your license asks for one. Owners put general liability near 1% of revenue, and one solo roofer's best quote for $1 million of cover was $5,500 a year. Workers comp is the bill that swings. The official open-market figures I could find for roofing run from $3.82 per $100 of payroll in Utah (before a carrier's markup) to $31.21 in Massachusetts, which is $4 to $31 on every square when your crew earns $98 a square. Minnesota's assigned risk plan charges $44.01. And at audit, any sub who can't show a certificate is billed to you.

The checklist is two pages. Page 1 is what to buy, one line per policy with blanks for the insurer, policy number, limit, premium and renewal date, plus a box for what your license demands. Page 2 is the questions to ask a broker, a column per sub for the certificates to collect, the audit file and a renewal calendar. Get it three ways: make your own copy in Google Docs, download the Word version (.docx), or download the PDF. Pick a format, enter your email and I'll send the links.

Why this page. About 23 of the roofing owner threads we read for this series were about insurance and comp.¹ Search "roofers insurance" and every result is a broker selling a quote. None of them gives the official comp rate for your state, and that's the number that decides whether your price per square holds up. So I pulled the rates from the rating bureaus and state insurance departments, and the insurance rules from each license form.

What roofing contractor insurance to buy first

1. General liability with no roofing exclusion. It pays when you damage the house or hurt someone who isn't on your crew. Ask for products and completed operations, which covers the roof after you've left. Idaho's registration requires it.²⁹ Read the exclusions page before you pay (more on that below).
2. Workers comp, or the exemption your state accepts. Comp pays an injured worker's medical bills and lost wages. Most states on our list let an owner with no employees skip it, several want paper saying so, and Louisiana wants a policy even then. The state table has each rule.
3. Commercial auto for the truck and trailer. A New Jersey owner's list for his state: "In NJ we need a business license, workers comp ins, general liability ins and commercial auto ins."⁴
4. Tools and equipment. Brokers call it inland marine. Ladders, nailers, the compressor and a gutter machine, listed with values, for when they walk off a job or burn in the trailer.
5. The bond, where the license needs one. Minnesota's roofer license takes a $15,000 surety bond, New Jersey's registration a bond or other security from $10,000, and Omaha's city license $10,000.^{33, 24, 26} A New Jersey owner on his: "less than $1,000 for the year here."³ Iowa asks for a bond only from out-of-state contractors.²³

Roofing general liability insurance: what owners pay

Nobody publishes a measured price for a small roofer's general liability, so these are owners' own numbers. A solo starter: "I quit my job to start my own roofing business, (I work alone), I applied for $1million in coverage, $10,000 deductible, the best quote I got so far is $5,500 a year." The reply from another owner: "$450 a month for roofing is pretty cheap."²

Bigger owners measure it against revenue. "I should be paying around 1% of revenue," one says, quoting his mentor. In the same thread: "Mine was about $10k for 2mil gross this year" and "Mine is about $35k for around 3.8mil in roofing sales." Another owner reckons "a roofer $1M in sales would have about $9-$11k in anual premium."² So 1% of what you expect to sell is a fair first check on a quote, and a quote far above it is worth a second broker.

Some work costs more or can't be placed at all. On torch-down: "there's only 2 companies that will insure you if you have a torch and the insurance rate is almost triple." And a father shopping for his son's new gutter business: "Two insurance companies have already told him that they don't insure gutter installers or businesses."⁴ If you sell gutters and siding with your roofs, tell the broker before you sign, not after.

Workers comp for roofers: the rate in your state

Comp is priced per $100 of payroll, by class code. Roofing is class 5551 in the states that use NCCI (the National Council on Compensation Insurance), in New Jersey and in Minnesota. Massachusetts files the same work as 5545. The number a state publishes comes in four kinds, and they aren't interchangeable:

• A manual rate (Massachusetts, New Jersey) is the bureau's rate that carriers start from. Your experience and discounts move it.
• An advisory rate (Iowa, Idaho) is NCCI's full rate with expenses included. Carriers adopt it or file their own adjustment.^{13, 16}
• A loss cost (Colorado, Connecticut, Utah, Virginia) covers only expected claims and claim handling. Each carrier multiplies it by its own loss cost multiplier to pay for commissions, taxes and profit. Virginia and Nebraska publish every carrier's multiplier: half sit between 1.31 and 1.79 in Virginia, and between 1.28 and 1.64 in Nebraska.^{14, 17, 18}
• An assigned risk rate (Minnesota, Nebraska, Virginia, Connecticut, Iowa) is what the state's plan charges a business no carrier will take. That happens to roofers: "I am about to lose our workers comp insurance because Biberk no longer covers roofing in PA."⁷

One owner's number lines up with the official one. A Boston owner in 2025: "My comp rate is 38%."⁷ Massachusetts' rate for 5545 was $38.36 for 2023-24, and it's been $31.21 since July 2024. The bureau asked for a 7.1% increase for July 2025 and the commissioner refused it, so $31.21 still applies. In July 2026 the state's highest court sent the 2024 and 2025 decisions back to the commissioner, so it may move.¹⁰

What comp adds to a square

Say you pay a crew $98 a square, the middle of what owners report, and that crew is on your payroll. Comp adds $98 × rate ÷ 100 to every square: $30.59 in Massachusetts, $24.83 in New Jersey, $9.94 in Iowa. On a 30-square reroof in New Jersey that's $745 before you've bought a bundle. Add it as a cost before your markup (the markup vs margin article has the math). It's also why a sub who carries his own comp charges more. One owner's prices: "100/sq for an insured sub and 75-80 if I'm having to cover WC for them."⁸

You can usually leave yourself off the policy. If you elect to cover yourself, the carrier charges a set payroll for you, whatever you actually draw: $73,100 in Massachusetts from October 1, 2026, which at $31.21 comes to $22,815 a year before any discount, and $89,200 in Connecticut.^{10, 14}

Your state: the comp figure, the license minimum, and the solo owner

The 11 states on our new-license list. "Per square" is the published figure times $98 of crew pay. Where it's a loss cost, your carrier's multiplier comes on top.

Two things the table can't show. Your own rate moves with your claim history once you qualify for an experience mod, and carriers in loss-cost states differ by a factor of two or more on the same class (Virginia's multipliers run from 1.00 to 3.28).¹⁷ Get two or three quotes, and ask each broker which multiplier sits behind the number.

Florida isn't in the table because its official figure isn't public: the state approved NCCI's rates from January 1, 2026, but the filing's rate pages are restricted on the regulator's site. An insurance agency's copy of NCCI's Florida pages shows class 5551 at $6.752 per $100 of payroll, with an $835 minimum premium. Treat that as a broker's number until your own quote confirms it; the Florida roofing license page has the license and comp rules.³⁴

How an audit charges you for an uninsured sub

Your comp premium starts as an estimate. After the policy year, an auditor counts the real payroll and everything you paid subs. Behind that sits the statutory employer rule: if your sub has no comp, his workers are yours for comp purposes. Virginia's comp commission puts it in one line: "a contractor bears potential workers' compensation liability for a subcontractor's employees." Colorado's is blunter: "Every person performing construction work on a construction site must be covered," so a contractor using subs either covers them or gets proof they're covered.²²

The audit rule spells out the bill. In the copy of the standard manual rule I could read (North Carolina's), the contractor must show evidence that each sub has comp "covering the work performed for the contractor." For each sub without it, "additional premium must be charged on the contractor's policy." With no payroll records for the sub's crew, the premium is figured on the sub's price: "Not less than 90% of the subcontracted price" for labor only, 50% for labor and material.²¹ Massachusetts and New Jersey write their own manuals, so ask your carrier how its audit treats subs.

On a 30-square tear-off by a labor-only crew at $98 a square, you paid $2,940. With no certificate, at least $2,646 of that becomes your roofing payroll: about $670 more premium in New Jersey, $826 in Massachusetts, $268 in Iowa. Across a season of jobs it adds up fast. A California owner: "I got audited by my previous workman's comp insurance and the bill came out to over 200k!" A smaller one, from an owner whose sub's policy had lapsed: "I got dinged last audit for a couple thousand dollars." The habit that prevents it: "I require all of my subs to carry their own insurance. If they don't, eventually you'll get audited."⁹

This is also the answer to the bid you lose to the crew with no insurance. An owner who's been at it a while: "Every residential lead I bid on gets won buy un insured insanely cheap labor down (hearing $10 per hour at most) I just cant compete."⁸ Part of his price is comp the other crew doesn't carry. Put your license number and insurer on the quote, and let the customer ask the other bidder for his.

Ghost policies and binders that exclude roofing

The ghost policy. A Louisiana remodeler with no employees needed comp for his license and found "Every single quote i get is a ridiculously priced, like in the $700 a month area." The reply: "You need to get a "ghost policy". It's a policy that excludes the owners of the business from coverage... Should cost about $1k per year."⁶ For a solo owner in a state that demands a policy, that's how the certificate gets made. The trap is on the other side. A sub's certificate looks the same whether his policy carries payroll for a crew or covers nobody, and the audit rule wants comp that covers the work done for you. Ask the sub's agent whether the people on your roof are on the policy, and write down the answer.

The binder. A binder is temporary proof that a policy is coming. "Alot of roofers get a binder for a GL policy to show they have GL insurance but the policy EXCLUDES roofing."⁵ That's one voice, but Louisiana's board guards against exactly this: certificates must cover "all licensed scopes, with no exclusions for those scopes," and the description of operations must use the board's wording.²⁵ For your own policy and every sub's, ask for the declarations page and the exclusions along with the certificate.

The classification. Exterior firms and general contractors get caught here. A Maryland GC with no employees, subbing every crew, selling "60/40 roofing/siding replacement" on $1.5 to $2.1 million a year, paid "about $8,500/year for GL Insurance" for three years. "Now, they say that they are increasing our premium to $44,000." The carrier had reclassified them from a "paper contractor" to a "roofing company."³ Tell the broker your real roofing share before you buy, get the classification in writing, and ask what happens at audit if the mix changes. On comp the same split matters: New Jersey rates siding on homes as carpentry at $14.95 against $25.33 for roofing, so ask whether your siding hours can be rated separately and what records that takes.¹¹

Certificates of insurance to collect from every sub

• A general liability certificate naming you as certificate holder, with dates covering the job and no roofing exclusion in the description.
• A comp certificate, or the state's own paper. Utah issues a coverage waiver you can verify online, Colorado keeps a searchable list of rejections of coverage, and Massachusetts uses a signed affidavit.^{32, 22, 28}
• The sub's state registration or license, looked up on the state's own search, not read off his truck.
• A new certificate when the sub's policy renews. The lapse in the middle of your policy year is the one that shows up at audit.
• A W-9 and a signed sub agreement, and invoices that split labor from material, since the audit rule treats them differently.

Keep all of it with the job it covers. The checklist's page 2 has a column per sub for exactly this.

How to use the checklist

1. Fill the top block and section B from your license or registration form: the liability minimum, the comp proof or exemption it takes, the bond, and the certificate holder.
2. Call two or three brokers. Ask the section C questions, starting with the roofing exclusion and the comp class and multiplier.
3. Record each policy in section A: insurer, policy number, limit, premium, renewal date, and the date you sent the certificate to the board or city.
4. Before any sub starts, fill a column of section D. Look up their registration, read the certificates, and note the earliest expiry date.
5. Put every renewal in section F with a reminder 30 days ahead, and re-collect sub certificates on their dates.
6. Before the audit, work through section E so every dollar paid to a sub has a certificate behind it.

More for new roofing companies

• Roofing price per square: what to charge, crew pay and your real margin, with a free rate sheet.
• Roofing estimate template and checklist: every line from tear-off to dump fee, with a free spreadsheet and roof sheet.
• Roofing contract template: the decking and extra-layer clauses that stop you eating the cost.
• Your roofing license, whether gutters and siding are included, and your first 30 days: Florida, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Utah, Virginia.
• Insurance claims, what a roofer may and may not say, and the notice your contract needs: Colorado, Florida, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nebraska.
• Contractor insurance for every trade: what to buy on day one, the state minimums and what can wait.

Where Deepsel fits

Deepsel doesn't sell insurance, and it doesn't track policies, certificates, renewal dates or audits; keep those on the checklist. It helps with the price that has to carry them. A price book item takes whatever unit you type, so "square" works, with decimal quantities, and the edit screen shows your markup and gross margin on each item (it doesn't apply a markup for you). Build comp into your cost per square once and every quote carries it. Estimates can show options, the customer approves and signs on screen, and an optional card deposit is credited on the final invoice. Jobs and estimates hold internal files the office and crew see and the customer never does, so a sub's certificates can sit on the job they cover. An internal checklist on the estimate, say "sub's certificates checked, dates cover the job," records who ticked each item and when. The Free plan covers 30 estimates and 30 invoices a month for your whole team; Pro is $29 a month for unlimited estimates and invoices. Details are on the pricing page.

Frequently asked questions

How much is roofing insurance for a new roofing company?

Nobody publishes a measured price, so here's what owners say. One solo roofer's best quote for $1 million of general liability with a $10,000 deductible was $5,500 a year, and an experienced owner called $450 a month cheap for roofing. Established owners put general liability near 1% of revenue: about $10,000 on $2 million and $35,000 on $3.8 million. Workers comp comes on top once you have employees, priced per $100 of payroll: $25.33 in New Jersey and $31.21 in Massachusetts on the official rates, about $10 to $11 in Iowa and Idaho.

What insurance does a roofing contractor need?

General liability that doesn't exclude roofing, with products and completed operations included. Workers comp once you have employees, or the exemption paper your state accepts when you don't. Commercial auto for the truck and trailer, cover for tools and equipment, and a bond where the license asks for one (Minnesota's roofer license takes $15,000). The license sets a minimum in some states: $500,000 of liability in Louisiana and New Jersey, $1 million per incident in Utah and Denver, $300,000 in Idaho and Minnesota, $20,000 in Connecticut, and none in Iowa or Virginia.

How much is workers comp for roofers?

It's priced per $100 of payroll under the roofing class. On the official figures for 2026: $31.21 in Massachusetts, $25.33 in New Jersey, $11.30 in Idaho and $10.14 in Iowa. Colorado ($5.40), Connecticut ($10.59) and Utah ($3.82 in 2025) publish loss costs, which each carrier multiplies by its own factor, mostly 1.3 to 1.8 in the two states that list them. If no carrier will write you, the state's assigned risk plan charges $13.65 in Nebraska, $19.60 in Connecticut, $7.77 in Virginia and $44.01 in Minnesota. At $98 a square of crew pay, every $10 of rate adds about $9.80 a square.

What is class code 5551?

The workers comp classification for roofing, all kinds, and the drivers who work for a roofing business. NCCI states and New Jersey use 5551. Massachusetts files the same work as 5545. Residential siding usually sits in a carpentry class instead: in New Jersey, siding on homes up to three stories is 5645 at $14.95 per $100, against $25.33 for roofing.

Do I need workers comp if I work alone?

In most of the states on our list, no: a sole owner with no employees can leave himself off. Some states still want paper. Utah's license takes a Labor Commission waiver ($50, one year), Denver accepts a rejection of coverage, and Iowa, Idaho and Minnesota ask you to state that you have no employees. Louisiana is the exception: its contractor board wants proof of a comp policy from every residential and home improvement contractor, with no exceptions. A New Jersey corporation also needs a policy, because the officers who work count as employees.

What is a ghost policy in workers comp?

A minimum-premium comp policy that covers nobody: the owner is excluded and there are no employees on it. Owners buy one to get a certificate where a license or a general contractor demands one; a reply to a Louisiana owner put the cost at about $1,000 a year. On a sub's certificate it looks like any other policy, so ask the sub's agent whether the crew working on your roof is on it.

What happens if my sub has no workers comp?

Your own carrier charges for his crew at audit. The standard manual rule says a contractor must show evidence that each sub's comp covers the work done for him, and when there's none and no payroll records, the premium is figured on at least 90% of a labor-only sub's price, 50% if the sub supplied materials. On a 30-square tear-off at $98 a square, that's $2,646 of extra roofing payroll: about $670 more premium in New Jersey and $826 in Massachusetts.

Sources

1. Deepsel research, "Roofing and exteriors: what new roofing owners ask" (doc 8.7): a two-year Reddit corpus of roofing owner threads (2024-08 to 2026-10), about 23 insurance and comp threads read, the 18 readable list-firm sites, and Google demand. Compiled November 2, 2026.
2. General liability prices, Reddit: a solo starter, "I quit my job to start my own roofing business…" (February 13, 2025, read in an archived copy) with the reply "$450 a month for roofing is pretty cheap." (1io8ckv); "I should be paying around 1% of revenue", "Mine was about $10k for 2mil gross this year.", "Mine is about $35k for around 3.8mil in roofing sales." (January 2, 2026, 1q1mu0e); "So a roofer $1M in sales would have about $9-$11k in anual premium." (November 4, 2024, 1gjg6d1).
3. Reddit, a Maryland general contractor's general liability going from $8,500 to $44,000 after reclassification, "60/40 roofing/siding replacement", "they reclassified us from a "paper contractor" to a "roofing company"" (September 29, 2025, 1ntwk8x); a New Jersey reply on the home improvement bond, "less than $1,000 for the year here." (September 30, 2025, ngyha7x).
4. Reddit, "In NJ we need a business license, workers comp ins, general liability ins and commercial auto ins." and "Two insurance companies have already told him that they don't insure gutter installers or businesses." (December 5, 2025, 1pegenn); on torch work, "there's only 2 companies that will insure you if you have a torch and the insurance rate is almost triple." (January 20, 2025, 1i5x6h6).
5. Reddit, "Alot of roofers get a binder for a GL policy to show they have GL insurance but the policy EXCLUDES roofing." (May 4, 2025, mqiwlsu).
6. Reddit, a Louisiana remodeler on comp for his license, "in the state of louisiana you need workman's comp insurance even if your a solo contractor and have no employees." and "Every single quote i get is a ridiculously priced, like in the $700 a month area.", with the reply on a ghost policy (December 30, 2025, 1pzvsfj).
7. Reddit, "I am about to lose our workers comp insurance because Biberk no longer covers roofing in PA." (September 22, 2026, 1wngvmo); a Boston owner, "My comp rate is 38%." (March 23, 2025, mj8u15b).
8. Reddit, "100/sq for an insured sub and 75-80 if I'm having to cover WC for them." (July 12, 2025, n2nd4w8); "Every residential lead I bid on gets won buy un insured insanely cheap labor down…" (September 16, 2025, read in an archived copy, 1ni81gh).
9. Reddit, on audits: "I got audited by my previous workman's comp insurance and the bill came out to over 200k!" (California, May 14, 2025, archived copy, 1km5rjw); "I got dinged last audit for a couple thousand dollars…" (June 3, 2026, opl71sq); "I require all of my subs to carry their own insurance. If they don't, eventually you'll get audited" (March 27, 2025, archived copy, mk39vf7).
10. Workers' Compensation Rating and Inspection Bureau of Massachusetts: manual rates effective July 1, 2024, class 5545 $31.21 (wcribma.org); Circular Letter 2431, "5545 ROOFING NOC & YARD EMP, DRIVERS 38.36 31.21" (wcribma.org); 2025 rate filing timeline, "Decision and Order disapproving the WCRIBMA Filing. Therefore, there will be no change in rates" (wcribma.org); Circular Letter 2462, basis of premium for sole proprietors, partners and LLC members who elect coverage, $73,100 from October 1, 2026 (wcribma.org); Insurance Journal, "Massachusetts High Court: Regulator Must Explain 14.6% Workers' Comp Rate Cut," July 7, 2026 (insurancejournal.com). All read November 3, 2026.
11. New Jersey Compensation Rating and Inspection Bureau, Rate and Classification Handbook, numerical order, effective January 1, 2026: "5551 25.334 1200 … ROOFING - ALL KINDS & DRIVERS"; 5645 carpentry, detached one or two family dwellings, $14.946, which includes siding on residential dwellings not exceeding three stories. njcrib.com, read November 3, 2026.
12. Minnesota Workers' Compensation Insurers Association, Circular 25-1867, January 1, 2026 assigned risk rates, a "pure premium multiplier of 2.15 to be applied uniformly to the pure premium base rates", class 5551 $44.006 (mwcia.org; schedule also at mwcarp.org); Minnesota Department of Commerce, 2026 Report to the Workers' Compensation Advisory Council, February 27, 2026, carriers' loss cost multiplier "with an average factor in Minnesota of 1.67" (lrl.mn.gov). Read November 3, 2026. The $34 open-market figure is my arithmetic: $44.006 ÷ 2.15 × 1.67.
13. NCCI, Iowa Advisory Rates, Assigned Risk Rates, and Rating Values Filing, proposed effective January 1, 2026: class 5551 voluntary $10.139, assigned risk $12.349; the rates cover benefits and "any other costs associated with providing workers compensation insurance (such as commissions, taxes, etc.)" (iid.iowa.gov); Iowa Insurance Division, Workers' Compensation Rate Filing and Order (iid.iowa.gov) and the 2027 notice, which refers to "the current rates that became effective on January 1, 2026" (iid.iowa.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
14. NCCI, Connecticut Voluntary Loss Costs, Assigned Risk Rates and Rating Values Filing, January 1, 2026: class 5551 loss cost $10.587, assigned risk $19.596; "Each insurance company offering workers compensation insurance in Connecticut must file a loss cost multiplier" (portal.ct.gov); Connecticut Insurance Department, Memorandum and Order, "NCCI's Voluntary Loss Costs and Assigned Risk Rates are accepted as filed", partners and sole proprietors payroll $89,200 (portal.ct.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
15. NCCI, Colorado Advisory Loss Cost Filing, January 1, 2026, "ADVISORY LOSS COSTS - NOT RATES", class 5551 $5.404 (doi.colorado.gov); Colorado Division of Insurance, Order O-26-010, "The Filing is approved as filed, effective January 1, 2026" (doi.colorado.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
16. Idaho Industrial Commission, "Idaho Workers Compensation Rates Effective Jan 1, 2026", NCCI rate, class 5551 $11.303 (iic.idaho.gov); Idaho Department of Insurance, October 10, 2025: "workers' compensation insurers can now either adopt the NCCI rates without modification or propose to the Department's review an adjustment from NCCI's rates" (doi.idaho.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
17. Virginia State Corporation Commission, Bureau of Insurance: assigned risk rates effective April 1, 2026, class 5551 $7.773 (scc.virginia.gov); loss cost multipliers updated May 1, 2026, 455 carriers, from 1.000 to 3.276 (scc.virginia.gov); NCCI's filing for April 1, 2026, case INS-2025-00058, proposing an 8.6% decrease and a 5551 loss cost of $4.950 (copy at richmond.com); NCCI's summary gives the approved change as 7.7% (ncci.com). Read November 3, 2026. The $5.00 figure is my arithmetic.
18. Nebraska Department of Insurance: residual market (assigned risk) rate pages effective February 1, 2026, class 5551 $13.653 (doi.nebraska.gov); loss cost multipliers in effect as of September 30, 2026, 502 carriers (doi.nebraska.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
19. NCCI, Utah Advisory Loss Costs and Rating Values Filing, effective February 1, 2025, SERFF NCCI-134228777, filed for use August 29, 2024: class 5551 loss cost $3.82 (from $4.13). Read through SERFF Filing Access, filingaccess.serff.com, November 3, 2026. The February 1, 2026 filing wasn't on SERFF Filing Access or the department's site.
20. NCCI, Anticipated Effective Dates by State (Louisiana May 1, 2026; Nebraska February 1, 2026; Virginia April 1, 2026) (ncci.com); NCCI, Summary of the Proposed Louisiana Workers Compensation Loss Cost Filing Effective May 1, 2026 (ncci.com). The Louisiana Department of Insurance doesn't post the class loss costs. Checked November 3, 2026.
21. North Carolina Rate Bureau, Basic Manual, Rule 2-H, Subcontractors: evidence of comp "covering the work performed for the contractor"; "For each subcontractor not providing such evidence of workers compensation insurance, additional premium must be charged on the contractor's policy"; Subcontractor Table 2, "Labor and material… Not less than 50% of the subcontracted price", "Labor only… Not less than 90% of the subcontracted price". ncrb.org, read November 3, 2026.
22. Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission, "Contractor Information": "more than two part-time or full-time employees", subcontractors' employees counted, "A corporate officer is an employee", statutory employer § 65.2-302 (workcomp.virginia.gov); Colorado Department of Labor and Employment, Workers' Compensation Coverage Resource Center: "Every person performing construction work on a construction site must be covered", construction sole proprietorships and partnerships must have comp or reject it, officers and LLC members need "at least a ten percent ownership interest" to reject (cdle.colorado.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
23. Iowa Department of Inspections, Appeals, and Licensing, Contractor Registration Application/Renewal Form: "I have no employees; therefore, I am not required to provide a Worker's Compensation Certificate of Insurance", out-of-state contractor bond (dial.iowa.gov); Iowa Code 85.1A, proprietors, LLC members and partners "may elect to be covered" (justia.com). Read November 3, 2026.
24. N.J.S.A. 56:8-142: "commercial general liability insurance in a minimum amount of $500,000 per occurrence and workers' compensation insurance unless exempted by law", compliance bond or other security of $10,000 to $50,000 (justia.com); New Jersey Department of Labor, Employer Requirements: corporations must insure if anyone "including corporate officers" performs services; partnerships and LLCs "excluding partners or members"; sole proprietorships "excluding the principal owner" (nj.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
25. Louisiana State Licensing Board for Contractors: memorandum "Selected Changes to Contractor Licensing Requirements - Revised" (July 13, 2026), "at least $500,000 in liability insurance" from August 1, 2026, proof that covers "at least six months and all licensed scopes, with no exclusions for those scopes" and lists LSLBC as certificate holder (lslbc.gov); FAQ, "Coverage Required: General Liability and Workers' Compensation.*absolutely no exceptions to the WC requirement" (lslbc.gov); notice effective November 1, 2024 on certificate holder and the required Description of Operations wording (lslbc.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
26. Neb. Rev. Stat. 48-115(9) and (10): executive officers owning 25% or more of the stock aren't employees unless they elect; employers, partners, LLC members and self-employed people elect coverage in writing (nebraskalegislature.gov); City of Omaha, Licensing Information: bond "Minimum of $10,000.00 for all license types", insurance "Class D and E Minimum of $300,000.00" (planning.omaha.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
27. Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, Home Improvement Contractor Application: "general liability insurance of no less than $20,000" (portal.ct.gov); Connecticut Workers' Compensation Commission, Coverage Election Forms 6B, 6B-1 and 75 (portal.ct.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
28. 201 CMR 18.02(1)(b), "evidence that they maintain adequate contractor insurance" (mass.gov); Department of Industrial Accidents, Workers' Compensation Insurance Affidavit: Builders/Contractors/Electricians/Plumbers: sole proprietor or partnership with no employees, LLCs with no employees other than members, and corporations whose officers exercised the exemption in M.G.L. c. 152, §1(4) need no policy (mass.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
29. Idaho Code 54-5210: a workers' comp certificate "or a statement by the contractor as to why such certificate or coverage is not required", and general liability "including products and completed operations insurance … not less than three hundred thousand dollars ($300,000) single limit" (legislature.idaho.gov); Idaho Industrial Commission, Employers FAQs, exempt employment (iic.idaho.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
30. City and County of Denver, building permit policy 25-DCBC 120A, Insurance Coverage Requirements "for all scopes of work and licensure types": workers' compensation "$100,000 per occurrence and $250,000 aggregate, minimum (or Rejection of Coverage for a contractor with no employees)", general liability "$1M per occurrence and $2M aggregate, minimum". denvergov.org, read November 3, 2026.
31. Virginia Board for Contractors Regulations, 18VAC50-22-40, -50 and -60 (requirements for Class C, B and A licenses, none of which requires liability insurance; 18VAC50-22-62 sets one for residential building energy analyst firms). law.lis.virginia.gov, read November 3, 2026.
32. Utah Division of Professional Licensing, Specialty Contractor License: general liability "$1,000,000 for each incident and $2,000,000 in total" with DOPL as certificate holder; with employees a comp certificate, without them "a Workers Compensation Coverage Waiver from the Utah Labor Commission" (commerce.utah.gov); Utah Labor Commission, Workers' Compensation Coverage Waivers: "a nonrefundable $50 processing fee", one-year term, online verification (laborcommission.utah.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
33. Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry, Roofer license: "A $15,000 surety bond", a $180 fee, a certificate of liability insurance and a certificate of compliance with the workers' comp law (dli.mn.gov); residential roofer license packet: general liability "at least $100,000 per occurrence, $300,000 aggregate limit for bodily injury, and property damage insurance with limits of at least $25,000 or a policy with a single limit … of $300,000", and the compliance form's no-employee boxes (dli.mn.gov). Read November 3, 2026.
34. Florida Office of Insurance Regulation: NCCI's workers' compensation rate filing FWC 25-043659, approved, effective January 1, 2026, its rate documents listed as restricted (IRFS filing search); press release, November 17, 2025, a 6.9% overall decrease from January 1, 2026 (floir.gov). The class 5551 figure comes from an insurance agency's copy of NCCI's "Workers Compensation and Employers Liability Florida" rate pages, effective January 1, 2026, not from OIR or NCCI: "5551 6.752 835" (omega4agents.com). NCCI has asked for a further 7.4% overall cut from January 1, 2027, not approved when read (floir.gov). Read November 8 and 9, 2026.